Terrestrial

"Terrestrials" is the angling term for land-based insects that accidentally find their way into the water. Unlike aquatic insects (mayflies, caddis, stoneflies, midges) that live their juvenile lives in the river, terrestrials are born and bred on the banks. They end up in the river due to wind, clumsiness, or mating flights. For the dry fly angler, "Terrestrial Season" (Summer/Early Fall) is the most exciting time of year. It traditionally starts when the fields turn brown and the aquatic hatches dwindle. These insects—Ants, Beetles, Grasshoppers, and Crickets—represent large, calorie-dense meals that big trout will move substantial distances to eat.

The "habitat" for terrestrials is the Riparian Zone (the banks).

• Grassy Banks: Tall grass and agricultural fields are the prime domain for Grasshoppers and Crickets.
• Overhanging Trees/Willows: The territory of Ants, Beetles, and Inchworms. Fish hold directly under the branches waiting for them to drop.
• High Desert Scrub: Home to Cicadas and large Crickets.
• The Wind: Wind is the primary delivery mechanism. A stiff breeze pushes these insects off their secure footing and into the feeding lanes of trout.

Seasonality

• Ants: late Spring - Fall (Peak during summer heat).
• Beetles: Early Summer - Fall.
• Hoppers: Late July - First Freeze (August/Sept is peak).

Tactics

• Bank Pounding: Fishing terrestrials is an active hunting game. Cast tight to the bank (within inches). If you are a foot off the bank, you are a foot too far.
• The Splat: Unlike delicate mayflies that land like a feather, terrestrials land with a thud. Don't be afraid to make a little noise; the splash alerts trout that dinner has arrived.
• Blind Casting: You don't need to see rising fish. Cast to "likely structure" (undercuts, root wads, seams) to call fish up.
• Wind is Key: Target banks where the wind is blowing towards the water. This is the conveyor belt feeding the fish.

Terrestrial insect populations are directly linked to land management. Widespread pesticide use in agriculture can decimate local hopper populations. Healthy, un-sprayed riparian buffers are essential for good terrestrial fishing.